Myelography
Myelography is a special X-ray examination that makes it possible to assess the structure and function of the spinal cord and nerve roots in dogs. In this blog post, you will learn how myelography is performed, what the benefits and risks are and when it is indicated.
What is myelography?
A myelography is an imaging examination in which a contrast agent is injected into the spinal canal to visualize the outline of the spinal cord and nerve roots. The contrast medium fills the space between the spinal cord and the bony spinal column, creating a contrast to the surrounding structures. An X-ray machine is then used to take several images from different angles, which show the contrast medium in different layers.
How is a myelography performed?
A myelography requires general anesthesia, as the dog must lie absolutely still and the injection of the contrast medium can be painful. Before the examination, the dog is thoroughly examined and blood samples are taken to check its state of health. The area where the contrast medium is injected is shaved and disinfected. The contrast medium is usually injected in the area of the neck or the lumbar vertebra. After the injection, the dog is placed on an X-ray table and several images are taken. During the examination, the dog is monitored to check its breathing, heartbeat and blood pressure. After the examination, the dog is taken to a quiet area where it can recover from the anesthetic.
What are the benefits and risks of myelography?
Myelography is a very accurate method of diagnosing diseases of the spinal cord and nerve roots that other imaging techniques such as ultrasound or computer tomography cannot detect. For example, myelography can help to identify a herniated disc, tumor, inflammation or injury to the spinal cord.
However, myelography is not without risks. The contrast medium can trigger allergic reactions or side effects such as fever, vomiting or cramps. The contrast medium can also enter the brain and cause damage there. Anesthesia also carries risks, especially for older or sick dogs. The X-rays can also damage the tissue or increase the risk of cancer.
When is myelography indicated?
A myelography is usually only performed if other imaging procedures cannot provide a clear diagnosis or if an operation is planned. Myelography can be useful, for example, if a dog shows symptoms such as paralysis, pain, weakness or coordination disorders that indicate a disease of the spinal cord or nerve roots. A myelography can also help to determine the exact location and extent of a herniated disc or tumor in order to plan the optimal treatment.
Myelography is a special X-ray examination that visualizes the spinal cord and nerve roots in dogs. It is very accurate, but is also associated with risks. It is only carried out if other imaging procedures are not sufficient or if surgery is required.
The authors assume that a veterinarian should be consulted if an animal is ill and that medication should only be taken after consultation with a doctor or pharmacist. Only an individual examination can lead to a diagnosis and treatment decision.
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